【MySQL】标准化安装教程

导读：

本文主要介绍 CentOS 系统二进制安装 MySQL 5.7.23 版本的安装步骤，其他版本安装过程相似。

卸载旧版MySQL

查看rpm包

rpm -qa|grep mysql 若有可用rpm -e卸载

查找mysql残留包，有则删除，没有则忽略

find / -name mysql

安装相关依赖

yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel numactl libaio

创建用户和用户组

groupadd mysql

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql

cd /usr/local/

# wget下载或者本地下载后上传

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

# 解压安装包

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

# 解压后为了方便后面操作可把解压后文件名修改为mysql

mv mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

# 更改文件夹所属

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,logs,tmp}

# 更改文件夹所属

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

vi /etc/my.cnf

# 简单模板如下：

[client]

port            = 3306

socket          = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql        

datadir = /data/mysql/data  

port = 3306               

socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock

pid-file  = /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid

tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp    

skip_name_resolve = 1

symbolic-links=0

max_connections = 2000

group_concat_max_len = 1024000

sql_mode = NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

lower_case_table_names = 1

log_timestamps=SYSTEM

character-set-server = utf8

interactive_timeout = 1800  

wait_timeout = 1800

max_allowed_packet = 32M

binlog_cache_size = 4M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

read_buffer_size = 4M

join_buffer_size = 4M

tmp_table_size = 96M

max_heap_table_size = 96M

max_length_for_sort_data = 8096

#logs

server-id = 1003306

log-error = /data/mysql/logs/error.log

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/logs/slow.log

long_query_time = 3

log-bin = /data/mysql/logs/binlog

binlog_format = row

expire_logs_days = 15

log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1

relay-log = /data/mysql/logs/relay-bin

relay-log-recovery = 1  

relay_log_purge = 1  

#innodb  

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 256M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

innodb_io_capacity = 2000

innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000

innodb_flush_neighbors = 0

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2

innodb_read_io_threads = 8

innodb_write_io_threads = 8

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

vi /etc/init.d/mysql

# 修改目录位置

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql/data

# 注册开机启动服务

chkconfig --add mysql

chkconfig --list

echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin  " >> /etc/profile  

source /etc/profile

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld  --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

# 临时密码保存在errlog中 

# 获取临时密码

more /data/mysql/logs/error.log |grep password

# 启动mysql服务

service mysql start

# 使用初始密码登录mysql服务 并修改密码

mysql -uroot -p

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';

flush privileges;